This article conducts a literature review to compare and investigate the contemporary relevance of the conceptions of war held by Thomas Hobbes and Carl von Clausewitz, two key theorists in the study of war. Hobbes understood war as an inherent condition of the state of nature, characterized by fear and insecurity, with the State being the only solution to avert widespread conflict. In contrast, Clausewitz defined war as a bloody duel, a continuation of politics by other means, attributing to it a strategic and instrumental character within interstate relations. With the emergence of new forms of conflict, the pertinence of these classical conceptions is called into question. The study demonstrates that, despite changes in the contemporary warfare landscape, both approaches remain relevant, though they require adaptations to encompass current technological and geopolitical transformations. In this way, the work seeks to contribute to the debate on the evolution of the concept of war by adapting classical theories to the technological and geopolitical transformations of the 21st century, offering new perspectives on modern conflicts.